Terms starting with N

The 114th and final chapter of the Quran (6 verses), "Mankind". The second of the Mu'awwidhatayn, seeking refuge from the whisperer (Satan).

A drink made by soaking dates or raisins in water; permissible while fresh and sweet, but unlawful once it ferments into an intoxicant.

A vow — a binding pledge to Allah to perform a specific act of worship (fasting, charity) if a wish is fulfilled. Once made, fulfilling it becomes obligatory.

Supererogatory acts of worship beyond the obligatory and Sunnah; voluntary deeds done purely for additional reward and closeness to Allah.

The self or ego — the inner drive that, when undisciplined, inclines to base desires; Sufi training aims to refine it through its stages toward serenity.

Arabic grammar and syntax — the science of how words function in sentences and the case endings (i'rab) that express meaning; essential for understanding the Quran.

A city in Iraq containing the shrine of Ali ibn Abi Talib and a renowned centre of Shia learning.

Ritual impurity from substances such as urine, blood, alcohol or pork that must be removed before prayer, distinct from major hadath requiring Ghusl.

Ritually impure substances — such as pork, blood, and the like — that are forbidden to consume and must be kept away from food and the body in worship.

A major Sufi order tracing to Baha al-Din Naqshband (d. 1389 CE) of Bukhara, known for silent remembrance (dhikr) and strict adherence to the Sunnah.

Abrogating and abrogated verses — the study of which rulings replaced earlier ones during gradual revelation, showing wisdom in step-by-step legislation.

Hypocrisy — outwardly showing faith while inwardly concealing disbelief (creedal) or displaying traits the Prophet ﷺ described (practical).

The Islamic marriage contract — a sacred covenant between a man and woman, requiring offer and acceptance, witnesses, a dowry (mahr), and the bride's consent.

A face veil worn by some Muslim women that covers the face while leaving the eyes visible; its ruling and prevalence vary widely.

The sincere intention in the heart that precedes any act of worship; the Prophet ﷺ said "actions are by intentions."

Noah, one of the five greatest prophets (Ulul-Azm). He called his people to monotheism for 950 years, built the Ark, and was saved with the believers from the Flood.